4.1 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this Standard, the following terms should be read as having the meanings specified here:
Audio-visual Resource
An audible and visual persistent manifestation of a subject (often but not necessarily of a performance).
Cell
An individual data element in a Record. Cells are separated by Delimiters.
Claiming Music Licensing Company
A Music Licensing Company that is receiving a Revenue report from a Paying Music Licensing Company.
Collecting Music Licensing Company
A Music Licensing Company that originally collected Revenue for Sound Recordings, Music Videos and/or other Audio-visual Resources from licensees.
Delimiter
A character that delineates, in a flat file, either one Record from another Record or one Cell from another Cell.
Message Recipient
A Party that receives a Message formatted in accordance with a DDEX Standard from a Message Sender. The Message Recipient may also be one or more of a Licensor, a Licensee, a Rights Controller, a Rights Administrator, a Licensing Agent or a Rights Holder.
Message Sender
A Party that sends a Message formatted in accordance with a DDEX Standard to a Message Recipient. The Message Sender may also be one or more of a Licensor, a Licensee, a Rights Controller, a Rights Administrator, a Licensing Agent or a Rights Holder.
Music Licensing Company
A company that is duly authorised to issue licences for the use of Sound Recordings and music videos. Music Licensing Companies may issue licences on behalf of phonogram producers, performers or both.
Note: Music Licensing Companies were previously referred to as Producers (and/or Performers) Collection Societies (PCSs).
Note: Music Licensing Companies are sometimes abbreviated as MLCs. DDEX avoids using that abbreviation as it may be confused with The Mechanical Licensing Collective established by US law.
Music Video
An audio-visual recording of the performance of a musical work.
Paying Music Licensing Company
A Music Licensing Company that has collected Revenue for Sound Recordings, Music Videos and/or other Audio-visual Resources, and that reports such Revenue.
Record
A line in a flat file containing data about a specific data entity. The Record type is indicated in the first Cell. Data elements are contained in Cells which are separated by a specifically defined Delimiter.
Resource
A digital fixation of an expression of an abstract Work (such as a Sound Recording, a Music Video, an image, software or a passage of text). Resources are individual assets that make up a Release. Typical Resources are sound recordings, video clips and cover art images.
Revenue
The amount of money generated in accordance with the commercial relationship between licensee and licensor for the distribution of Releases to consumers.
Rights Controller
A Party that controls rights in one or more Creations in respect of some or all rights for specific territories, time periods, Rights Types, Usage Types and Commercial Model Types (which may be anything up to and including all rights for the world, in perpetuity, for all types of Usage and for all types of Commercial Models). Creations include Musical Works, Sound Recordings and other Resources as well as Releases.
A Rights Controller is in many cases also the Licensor.
A Rights Controller may be a human being or other legal person or corporate entity.
A Rights Controller may or may not also be the Rights Administrator, the Licensing Agent or the Rights Holder.
A Rights Controller may or may not be the Message Sender or Message Recipient of a message in a specific information exchange defined by a DDEX Standard.
Secondary Delimiter
Delimiter used to separate data elements within a single Cell.
Sound Recording
An audible persistent manifestation of a subject (often but not necessarily of a performance).